JURISPRUDENCE & ETHICS
EXAMINATION HANDBOOK

The Regulation of Dental Technology

The College of Dental Technologists of Ontario (CDTO or the “College”) is the regulatory body for dental technologists in Ontario. Our role is to protect the public’s right to receive quality dental prosthetics, restorative or orthodontic devices prescribed by a health care practitioner licensed to do so.

We ensure competency and accountability of dental technologists practicing in Ontario by:

• Setting the education and other qualifications necessary to enter the profession;
• Administering quality assurance programs that registrants are required to participate in to help maintain their competence;
• Developing professional and ethical standards and guidelines; and
• Providing a complaint and investigation process for people who feel that the standards have not been met.

The College operates on the belief that self-regulation must be open and transparent, responsive, accessible, equitable, and accountable.

Statement of Purpose

The purpose of the College’s registration examination is to measure the competence, knowledge and skills of potential registrants and to provide a clear, structured overview of development and regular review to ensure objectivity, validity and reliability of all examinations offered by the College. The College is committed to fairness in the application of policy and decisions that affect an applicant’s and candidate’s career in the practice of dental technology in Ontario.

General Principles

1. The College sets examinations that promote high-quality practice in dental technology and protect the public by ensuring competent, safe and effective practice by those awarded registration.
2. Setting the registration examination is based on multiple criteria including assessment of knowledge, skill and judgment relevant to practice.
3. The College administration develops and administers approved examinations that lead to registration.
4. The Examinations Committee reviews the process for all components of the registration examination. The College ensures equal opportunity through fair testing and registration practices.

Candidates required to complete the CDTO Jurisprudence & Ethics Examination (J&E Exam) can register if they are:

1. CADTR Applicants who have successfully completed credentialing and competency assessment with the Canadian Alliance of Dental Technology Regulators (CADTR) within 15 months of this application, or
2. Labour Mobility Applicants who are registered to practise dental technology in another Canadian province/territory and are applying under the Canadian Free Trade Agreement provisions.

All candidates are permitted up to three attempts to successfully complete the J&E. After an unsuccessful third attempt, remedial activities are required. See Applying to Rewrite the Exam.

The College provides reasonable and appropriate modifications to the J&E Exam to accommodate candidates under applicable human rights legislation. Requests are considered case-by-case while maintaining exam integrity.

Candidates with a documented disability that substantially limits one or more major life activities may request testing accommodations. Submit written requests at least 30 days before the scheduled exam date (exceptions may apply for circumstances beyond a candidate’s control). See the Testing Accommodation policy, procedures and forms.

J&E Examination Registration Process

All applicants for registration with the College are required to complete the J&E Exam. Eligible candidates register through the CDTO Online Applicant Portal, pay associated fees, and then schedule their exam time with eProctor Canada. See Schedule J&E Exam.

Deadline Dates

The registration deadline is 10 days before the posted exam date.

Exam Format

The J&E Exam is an online, virtually proctored, open-book exam with sixty (60) multiple-choice questions and a duration of one-and-a-half (1.5) hours. Candidates may use a printed copy of The Guide to Dental Technology Practice during the exam.

Question Types and Content

Sixty multiple-choice questions based on The Guide, designed to test knowledge of the current legislation governing dental technology in Ontario. Each question has four choices; select the single best answer.

Method of J&E Exam Delivery

The J&E Exam is virtually proctored by eProctor Canada using web-based technology, facial recognition, and a live proctor. Screens, audio-video and screen-share feeds are monitored and recorded. Candidates may be in any location provided the virtual proctoring requirements are met.

Virtual Proctoring Requirements

Devices: Desktop or laptop (no tablets/Chromebooks/phones) with webcam, microphone and speakers.

Network: Stable high-speed internet (min 2.5 Mbps up / 2.5 Mbps down). Test with a tool such as speedtest.net. Avoid VPNs.

Room: Quiet, private, well-lit room; desk clear of electronics (except permitted printed copy of The Guide). A six-foot extension cord is recommended for camera/computer placement.

Responsibility: Candidates are solely responsible for meeting technical and environmental requirements.

Payment Methods

Exam fees are paid in the Online Applicant Portal by Visa® or MasterCard®.

Disclosure of Personal Information

Personal information is disclosed only to contracted agencies for secure assessment. Results are not shared with third parties unless authorized by the candidate.

Candidate’s Statement of Understanding

Candidates must agree to applicable policies and rules, and to oral/written instructions for exam conduct. Violations may invalidate results and/or result in penalties. Candidates must agree to the Statement online before starting the exam.

Candidate Application Status

After registration and payment, the Online Applicant Portal status changes to “Step 2 Approved”. Candidates receive email confirmation and can view updates in the Portal.

Schedule J&E Exam

At least two weeks before the exam date, the College emails scheduling instructions for eProctor Canada. Candidates have one week to schedule. eProctor Canada sends a confirmation email with check-in instructions. Check junk/spam folders.

Contact Information Change

Keep contact information current in both eProctor Canada and the CDTO Online Applicant Portal.

Reschedule/Withdraw J&E Exam

Provide written notice at least 14 days before the scheduled date to reschedule or withdraw. If rescheduling, the College will automatically move you to the next available sitting.

Important: Verbal withdrawals are not accepted. Failure to notify in writing and/or to meet documentation/fee timelines may forfeit fees and/or be recorded as an unsuccessful attempt.

Refund J&E Exam

• More than 14 days before the scheduled date: 70% refund
• Less than 14 days: No refund

In exceptional circumstances beyond a candidate’s control, refunds may be considered case-by-case.

J&E Exam Study Material

The Guide to Dental Technology Practice is the study material. A printed copy is permitted during the exam (no electronic copy).

Strategies for Taking the J&E Exam

1. Study The Guide thoroughly.
2. Read each question carefully before viewing options.
3. Try answering mentally first, then check options.
4. Eliminate wrong options; choose the best remaining.
5. There is no penalty for wrong answers—don’t leave blanks.
6. Mark uncertain items and return later if time permits.
7. Treat all questions as equal in value; manage time.

Online Admission

Have government-issued photo ID ready for proctor validation. Proctors will provide protocol information and authorize the start of the exam.

Before the Start of the Exam

Log in to your eProctor Canada account 30 minutes before your scheduled time. Logging in 30+ minutes late results in denial of access. Proctors verify identity, perform a 360° room scan, and authorize the start. You must agree to the Candidate Statement of Understanding.

Washroom Breaks During the Exam

Notify the live proctor before leaving. Time does not pause. Unauthorized leaving may invalidate the exam.

At the End of the Exam

Press SUBMIT to exit and send responses for processing. Remain in the testing environment until released by the proctor.

Technical Troubleshooting

If disconnected, your progress is saved. Reboot and relaunch the eProctor Canada application. If issues persist, contact support@eproctorcanada.com or 1-844-595-2561.

Failure to Take J&E Exam

No refund if you do not log in/take the exam at the scheduled time unless due to platform issues or circumstances beyond your control. Submit a request with documentation within seven (7) days for refund/reschedule consideration. Approved reschedules move to the next available sitting.

J&E Scoring Review

Post-administration reviews ensure items meet best-practice standards. Items may be excluded from scoring based on expert review.

Your J&E Exam Results

Results (“Pass” or “Fail”) are emailed within 2–6 weeks. No percentages or numerical marks are released. Results are not provided by phone. Questions/answers from current or past exams are not provided.

Passing Score

A minimum score of 60% is required to pass.

Appeal of Examination Results

Candidates who do not achieve a passing result may appeal per the Examination Appeals Policy (Policy No. E02) and Procedures (E02-P01). Grounds include illness/disability, compassionate reasons, exam management/administration, or policy violation. An Incident Report must be completed the day of the exam or within three (3) days.

Applying to Rewrite the Exam

Under Ontario Regulation 711/93 (Examinations), a candidate may attempt the examination three (3) times over two (2) years from the first attempt. A candidate who fails the Registration Examinations on a third attempt or exceeds the two-year window is ineligible for further examinations unless approved upgrading/remediation is completed.

Time Limitation for Validity of Examination Results (Policy No. E06)

All candidates who have passed required examinations must apply for registration within 15 months of the results notice. After 15 months, results are no longer valid and all required examinations must be retaken for future applications.

Rules set expectations of appropriate conduct before, during and after the examination, and outline consequences for violations. Suspected violations may result in removal from the exam, withholding of results, failing grades and other actions. Zero tolerance for threats or aggressive behaviour.

Procedure to assess violations

Candidates suspected of violations will have a reasonable opportunity to respond in writing. The Examinations Committee reviews all information. No results are issued until a final decision is rendered; candidates are notified within six to eight weeks.

Penalties for violations

• Failing (0%) grade on the relevant exam or the entire examination;
• Suspension or expulsion from the examination;
• Cheating results in immediate removal, voided results and a minimum two-year bar.

If a security breach is found before/after an administration, the College may cancel the session/results, take special measures in subsequent exams, seek damages or take other appropriate action.

Appeal of decision

A candidate may appeal per the College’s Examination Appeals policy and procedures.

Document Retention

The College retains documents for at least three (3) years. Applications inactive for three years may be destroyed; applicants must re-apply.

Communications

College of Dental Technologists of Ontario
Tel: 416-438-5003 or 1-877-391-CDTO
Email: info@cdto.ca

Notices are considered received on the fifth business day after mailing and the following day for emails. Candidates must keep contact information current.

Authority

The College may change or add policies, requirements and instructions at any time. Candidates who believe a rule is a barrier should contact the College in advance to arrange appropriate accommodations.

Conduct before, during or after testing that violates this Statement may result in invalidation of J&E Exam results and/or penalties and will be reported to the CDTO. Candidates must agree to this Statement before taking the exam. Key points include:

• The J&E Exam is confidential; questions are CDTO property. Unauthorized disclosure is prohibited.
• Maintain confidentiality of content, even after the exam; do not discuss content with others.
• No electronic devices during administration (phones, smartwatches, cameras, recorders, etc.).
• Recording or memorizing questions is forbidden.
• Proctors observe candidates at all times via camera monitors and report any behaviour that may violate terms.
• Cheating or attempts to subvert the process violate the purpose and principles of the J&E Exam. Only a printed copy of The Guide may be referenced; no electronic copy is permitted.
• CDTO may cancel or withhold results where irregularities, cheating, ID/credential issues, misconduct or invalid results are suspected.
• Candidates agree to abide by all policies and instructions to preserve the integrity of the exam process.